1. One-Sentence Description
The STM32F405RGT6 is a high-performance microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M4 architecture, integrated with a Floating-Point Unit (FPU) and rich peripheral interfaces. It is specially designed for industrial control, IoT, and high-precision real-time applications, offering excellent computing power and energy efficiency.
2. Core Features
- High-Performance Core: ARM Cortex-M4 CPU + FPU, with a main frequency of up to 168 MHz, supporting single-precision floating-point operations and 210
DMIPS performance (zero-wait-state execution).
Large Storage Capacity:
1)1 MB Flash (supports ISP in-circuit programming);
2)192 KB SRAM (including 64 KB CCM high-speed memory), supporting DMA-accelerated data transmission.
Peripheral Resources:
- Communication Interfaces: 3×I²C, 4×USART/2×UART, 3×SPI (including I²S audio interface), USB OTG FS/HS, CAN 2.0B, SDIO, Ethernet MAC.
- Analog Peripherals: 3×12-bit ADCs (24 channels, 7.2 MSPS), 2×12-bit DACs.
- Timers: 17 timers (including advanced control timers and basic timers), supporting motor control and pulse counting.
- Low-Power Modes: Sleep, Stop, and Standby modes, supporting VBAT-powered
- RTC and backup registers.
- Safety and Reliability: CRC check unit, independent watchdogs (IWDG/WWDG), power supply monitoring (PVD).
3. Core Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
| CPU | Cortex-M4 @ 168 MHz |
| Memory | 1 MB Flash, 192 KB SRAM |
| Power Voltage | 1.8 V ~ 3.6 V (I/O), 1.7 V ~ 3.6 V (Analog) |
| Operating Temperature | -40°C ~ +105°C |
| Package | LQFP64/WLCSP90/UFBGA176, etc. |
| Peripheral Interfaces | USB OTG, Ethernet, CAN, SDIO, etc. |
| Development Support | ST-LINK debugger, CMSIS standard API |
4. The Story Behind the Chip
- The STM32F405 series was born from STMicroelectronics’ precise layout in the high-performance embedded market. As a core member of the STM32F4 family, it inherits the architectural advantages of the F2 series while introducing multiple innovations:
- ART Accelerator: Eliminates Flash access latency through instruction prefetch and branch caching, enabling zero-wait execution.
- Multi-Bus Matrix: 32-bit AHB bus matrix optimizes parallel access to multiple peripherals, improving system throughput.
- Ecological Compatibility: Pin/software compatibility with STM32F1/F2 series reduces development migration costs.
5. Design Philosophy
- Balance of High Performance and Low Power: Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) and multiple power-saving modes (Sleep/Stop/Standalone) adapt to different scenarios.
- Modular Expansion: Supports external NOR/NAND Flash and SRAM via the FSMC interface for flexible storage expansion.
- Enhanced Security: Hardware encryption engine, CRC check, and independent watchdogs build a multi-layer protection system.
- Usability Priority: Integrated USB OTG, Ethernet PHY, and SDIO controller simplify peripheral connection and protocol stack development.
6. Application Scenarios
- Industrial Automation: PLCs, frequency converters, servo drives (support for EtherCAT protocol).
- IoT Terminals: Smart home gateways, environmental monitoring devices (integrated ADC/DAC and Ethernet).
- Medical Equipment: Ventilators, patient monitors (high-precision ADC and low-power modes).
- Consumer Electronics: Drones, smart speakers (audio processing and USB audio class support).
- Automotive Electronics: Body control modules (CAN interface and wide temperature range support).
7. Unique Advantages
- Dual-Core Architecture Innovation: Cortex-M4 core + FPU enables single-cycle floating-point operations, with performance 30% higher than (competitors in the same category).
- Native Ethernet Support: Integrated MAC + PHY supports IEEE 1588 precise time protocol, eliminating the need for external PHY chips.
- Direct Camera Interface: DCMI interface supports 54 MB/s high-speed image acquisition, suitable for industrial cameras and vision systems.
- Secure Boot Mechanism: Supports Flash encryption and secure firmware upgrade (DFU) to prevent malicious tampering.
8. What Engineers Must Know When Selecting
- Performance Matching: 168 MHz main frequency is suitable for complex algorithms (e.g., motor control FFT); lower-configured models (such as
- STM32F405RG) can be selected for basic functions.
- Peripheral Portfolio Optimization: Choose packages (LQFP64 to UFBGA176) based on requirements, and prioritize models with integrated Ethernet/USB to reduce peripheral components.
- Power-Sensitive Design: Enable STOP mode (0.3 μA) and VBAT backup (RTC+4 KB SRAM) to extend battery life.
- Development Toolchain: ST’s official CubeMX configuration tool supports one-click code generation, with good FreeRTOS adaptation.
- Certification Compliance: Industrial-grade EMC immunity (IEC 61000-4 standard); medical devices require additional ESD protection level verification.
Conclusion: The STM32F405RGT6 has become a benchmark choice in industrial and IoT fields with its high-performance core, flexible peripherals, and low-power design. Its unique ART accelerator and native Ethernet support further consolidate its leading position in real-time control and networked applications.
Contact:
Sylvia Xu | ECSource Components Co.,Limited
Top 10 Test Laboratory Distributors in Asia.
D-U-N-S Number:655918890 | ISO90001 Certificated Company
Phone/Whatsapp: 0086-19806586673
Email:sylvia@ecsource.net
Line Card : FPGA, RF, MEMORY,CONNECTOR,Power
